전준 Jun Jeon , 신현기 Hyun Ki Shin

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.01 Vol.9(No.2) 1-24, 2008

This study attempted to identify the effects of the social interaction instruction based on self determination on the social interaction between children with and without special needs in inclusive classrooms. The subjects of this study were 3 children with special needs participating in inclusive classrooms, and 9 children without special needs in those classrooms. The social interaction instruction based on self determination has been carried out in inclusive classrooms for 8 weeks. Observations were implemented to accomplish the study in inclusive classrooms. A questionnaire was used to collect the data as well. Frequency analysis and qualitative research method were employed. Results of the study indicated that the social interaction instruction based onself determination had a positive effect on the social interaction between childrenwith and without special needs. The factors of the effects on the social interaction were teachers, peers, and children with special needs. There was a positive correlation between self determination of children with special needs and their trial behaviors, as well as between self determination of children with special needs and trial behaviors of children without special needs.

관계형성 활동, 사회적 상호작용, 자기결정 능력, social interaction instruction, social interaction, self determination

정재권 Jae-kweon Chung , 이혜숙 Hea-suk Lee , 정미영 Mi-young Chung

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.02 Vol.9(No.2) 25-44, 2008

This research was done to study the actual conditions of stress levels and coping actions of physical handicapped students. The source is from the 136 students in three different high schools and middle schools where there are special educations. The stress scale and stress coping scale were used for the measuring tool. Furthermore the average and standard deviation of stress condition was obtained through sex, process, handicap types, and handicap levels. t-verification was used to get the significance differences. And Stress coping method was obtained with the frequency and percentage resulted from sex, process, handicap type, and handicap level. The conclusions from the research are as follows. First, the physical handicapped students get little stress, but they vary depending on different class. Female students get more stress from personal relationships and confrontations than male students. The physical handicapped students get more stress from confrontations than students with mental paralysis. 1st degree handicaps get more stress than 2nd degree handicaps in confrontations. Second, the method of coping actions for the stresses of handicaps varys depending on the class. For stress coping, male students eat or watch TV/videos, but female students listen to music. In the process, middle and high school students mostly listen to music. For handicap types, handicapped students listen to music while students with paralysis mostly eat or watch TV/videos. As for the handi level, 1st and 2nd degrees listen to music to cope with stress.

지체부자유, 스트레스, 대처행동, physical handicapped, stress, coping actions

김유경 Yu Kyung Kim , 최양규 Yang Gyu Choi , 박현 Hyun Park , 석동일 Dong Il Suk

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.03 Vol.9(No.2) 45-60, 2008

In this study, a dichotic digit test was applied in order to identify binaural integration. The subjects for this study included 46 male and 54 female aged between 19-30 years. We tested for dichotic listening skills of single-digit numbers, double-digit numbers, and English numbers. Then, we investigated that the accuracy of digits recognition with respect to gender, types of stimuli. Also, we investigated the error frequency and the error rate according to multi paired digit sets. This study shows that there was statistically significant difference of three different types of digit stimuli: single-digit numbers, double-digit numbers, and English numbers, while there was no significant difference in gender. And this study also shows the performance of 5-9 pair, 1-2 pair, 3-4 pair decreased significantly. This results prove that dichotic digit listening skills in adults are not influenced by gender and that dichotic digit listening skills in adults are influenced by the phonetic feature of mono digit stimuli.

청각처리장애, 이분숫자청취, 양이통합, APD, Auditory processing disorder, DDT, Dichotic digit test, Binaural integration

정동훈 Dong Hoon Jeong , 홍성태 Seong Tae Hong

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.04 Vol.9(No.2) 61-76, 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate user satisfaction of standard manual wheelchair and custom fitted manual wheelchair. A modified version of the Qubec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive technology(QUEST) was used to assess satisfaction of 21 subjects who used a standard manual wheelchair and 27 subjects who used a custom fitted manual wheelchair. As a result of this study, overall the subjects in the custom fitted wheelchairs and seating systems were more satisfied(3.67 compared with 3.02) with their AT. The items clients were least satisfied with were related to services issues, such as Repairs & servicing, Follow-up Service, or Professional Service, and thus satsfaction with the service was scored lower than satisfaction with the device in user of standard manual wheelchair. The results revealed that the item safety was the most important consumer criterion and a substantial proportion of users were not satisfied about item cost. The suggestions of this study was as follow: 1) presents a user-driven process in order to facilitate the choice of the most appropriate assistive device and to prevent assistive devices from being unused. 2) there is a need to introduce the QTS(Quality Technology Services) and the construction of SDS(Service Delivery System) is required.

만족도, QUEST 2.0, 보조공학 장치, 서비스 인증제, satisfaction, QUEST, assistive technology, QTS

김유진 Yu Jin Kim , 윤병천 Byeong Chen Yoon

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.05 Vol.9(No.2) 77-95, 2008

For Deaf students, the university educational sign language interpretation is indispensable need. It must be performed for their right of study by supplying the university educational sign language interpretation correctly and efficiently. This study has a purpose that research the problem of university educational sign language interpretation nowadays and figure out the way of improvement this issue The purpose of concrete study is as follows; 1. Study the problem of domestic university of university educational sign language interpretation 2. Based on result of above, make a the way of improvement this issue. For researching the point at issue of university educational sign language interpretation, we conducted survey from 50 Deaf students who are taking the service of university educational sign language interpretation from Nazarene University and Korea National College of Rehabilitation & Welfare individually, and the duration was from Oct 18, 2007 to Nov. 9, 2007. Also we interview the person in university of disable students support department for listening to their thought. From this research, we have a conclusion as follows; 1. The main reason of this problem is shortage of sing language interpreters who are taking same class with the Deaf students. The university should provide qualified sing language interpreters to the students for solving the problem, and Deaf students will have a chance to improve their achievement of study through this service. 2. No enough sign language interpretation time. Shortage of sing language interpreters causes shortage of providing interpretation because the interpreter can’t earn the income during the vacation. If universities and enterprises join hands for supporting the interpreter to guarantee their income even during the vacation, the number of interpreters will apply for universities. Moreover, we strongly suggest to government to make a regulation that university must ensure the interpreter by ratio of Deaf students and guarantee their income, the shortage of supplying time will be resolved. 3. Deaf students has no right of choice interpreter. The Deaf students are the people who need interpreter, and their right must be respected. The Deaf students choose the interpreter, and will be satisfied by qualified service from their choice. We suggest university to supply efficient and qualified university educational sign language interpretation service to the Deaf students for letting them to lead the community of Deaf in the future.

수화통역, 교육수화통역, 농대학생, Sign Language Interpretation, Educational Sign Language Interpretation, Deaf student

김동일 Dong Il Kim , 손지영 Ji Young Son , 윤순경 Soon Kyoung Youn

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.06 Vol.9(No.2) 97-127, 2008

Universal design(UD) as the design of environments to be usable for all people as possible can provide an alternative approach to effective instruction for students with disabilities. The purpose of this study is to identify the usability of e-Learning module applying UD. An e-Learning module was developed according to design strategies based on UD. Then, twenty three college students(8 visual disability, 5 hearing disability, 5 physical disability, and 5 without disabilities) and ten experts in e-Learning or special education implemented usability testing of the e-Learning module. Using quantitative and qualitative analysis of data, the degree of usability and additional design strategies for improvement were identified. Based on the findings of this study, suggestions for designing e-Learning in order to improveusability of students with and without disabilities were recommended.

보편적 설계, e-러닝, 사용성 평가, 장애학생, Universal Design, e-Learning, usability testing, students with disabilities

홍재영 Jae Young Hong , 한성희 Seong Hee Han

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.07 Vol.9(No.2) 129-157, 2008

This study set out to explore ecological teaching procedures to promote the efficient physical activities of children who have visual impairment with other disabilities during physical education classes based on the previous studies on ecology. It also aimed to identify the components and contents of ecological assessments within a classroom environment designed for ecological teaching. It is necessary to apply ecological teaching procedures that take into account the external environmental factors around children with visual impairment as well as the personal factors of children who have visual impairment with other disabilities in order to promote their active participation in PE classes and physical activities. Considerate teaching activities such as these will be able to contribute to the teachers changing their teaching actions, and the changes will in turn encourage children who have visual impairment with other disabilities to take active part in PE classes and more diverse physical activities. That is, a teaching approach from a new perspective called ecological teaching should be applied in order to improve teaching and learning activities and to promote such physical activities as are proper in accordance with the degree of disability and motor skills of children who have visual impairment with other disabilities. Then those children will be able to understand the concepts of movement, establish a right body image, develop interest in physical activities, and have an attitude of taking an active part in PE activities. Those changes will ultimately provide them with the foundation to lead a functionally independent life in their community after completing their school education. There is also a need to develop informal assessment tools using evaluative components following the ecological approach and conduct research to confirm their validity. Such research will produce basic data to promote the efficient physical activity of children who have visual impairment with other disabilities.

생태학적 교수, 생태학적 평가, 시각중복장애아동, 신체활동, 교수, 학습 활동, ecological teaching, ecological assessment, children who have visual impairment with other disabilities, physical activities, teaching and learning activities

전혜인 Hae In Jeon

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.08 Vol.9(No.2) 159-179, 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of the siblings of children with disabilities through a qualitative inquiry. 13 siblings of children with disabilities participated interviews to share their experiences. From the qualitative analyses, four themes emerged: (1) emotional problems, (2) daily life``s problems, (3) the appreciation and hopes. Discussions and the implications for the sibling support practices were provided. The limitations and the suggestions for future researches were discussed.

장애아동, 형제자매, 질적 연구, 가족지원, siblings, children with disabilities, family support, family empowerment

김용욱 Yong-wook Kim , 김남진 Nam-jin Kim , 곽정란 Jeong-ran Kwak

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.09 Vol.9(No.2) 181-202, 2008

This research, a basic research on "Developing Comprehensive Center for Disability Service for the Disabled in Higher Education Institution", which aimed to develop model irrelative at an university scale, fulfill the personal desire and law requirement. For that purpose, looked into a social model of disability and change necessity of the point of view which see the disabled and importance of center for disability service at the university. And grasped also the actual condition of some center for disability service which have been installed and operated currently around the university. The conclusions of this study are as follows; The model of centers to look into many problems to apply all university. And found out the many differences between a model and actual task. So consequently the development of new model needs absolutely.

사회모델, 장애학생지원센터, 장애학생지원센터 모형, social model of disability, Center for Disability Service, Center Model for Disability Service

최애경 Ae-kyung Choi , 강영심 Young-sim Kang

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.10 Vol.9(No.2) 203-218, 2008

This study tries to in analyze the attributes of disabilities in proverbs. Proverbs provide us with various suggestions regarding inclusive education because they contain understanding of the disabled experiences in real life and wisdoms of ancestors. In addition, they are interesting and simple to understand and thus easily applicable to real everyday life. This study focuses on the type of disabilitiy, views of disability, contents related to the disabilitiy. The results were as follows; First, person with physical disability appear predominantly in the proverbs. Second, negative perceptions larger than positive perceptions about disability. Third, the types of themes involved in proverbs represented ability, propriety and home life.

속담, 장애, 장애인관, 장애관련 내용, Proverb, Disabilitiy, Views on Individuals with Disability, Contents Related to the Disability

이해균 Hae Gyun Lee

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.11 Vol.9(No.2) 219-242, 2008

The object of this study is to enlighten the human relationship between the students living in dorms and the students not living in dorms in the twelve visually impaired schools all over the country. The subjects are the two hundred random sampling students who answered questionnaire. The summary is as follows. First, in the relationships between the students living in dorms and the students not living in dorms, the students not living in dorms are higher the students living in dorms, and according to the difference of gender, all the girl and boy students not living in dorms are higher than those living in dorms. According to grade, the senior high school students living in dorms are higher than students not living in dorms, according to the visual acuity, both the visually impaired and low vision students not living in dorms are higher than those living in dorms and the time of the offspring of the visually impaired, the acquired students not living in dorms are higher than those living in dorms. Second, according to the adjustment to schools between students living in dorms and not living in dorms, students not living in dorms are higher than those living in dorms. According to the difference of gender, all the girl and boy students not living in dorms higher than those living in dorms, according to the grade, the senior high school students not living in dorms are higher than those living in dorms, and according to the visual acuity, both the visually impaired and low vision students not living in dorms are higher than those living in dorms and according to the time of offspring, the acquired visually impaired not living in dorms are higher than those living in dorms.

시각장애학교, 기숙학생, 통학생, 인간관계, 학교적응, the schools for the visually impaired, the students living in dorms, the students not living in dorms, the human relationship, the adjustment to school

김정연 Jeong Youn Kim , 강혜경 Hae Kyung Kang , 이정은 Jueng Eun Lee , 김규일 Kyu Il Kim

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.12 Vol.9(No.2) 243-267, 2008

The purposes of this study are to develop a support model for the successful utilization of ICT in special education settings based on the perception, experience, and needs of special educators regarding ICT for students with intellectual disabilities. 18 special educators who have professional knowledge and experience for ICT participated in focus group interviews. Four themes emerged from qualitative analysis: (1) The perception and belief on utilization of ICT, (2) The actual conditions on utilization of ICT, (3) The barriers on utilization of ICT, (4) The supports for successful utilizing ICT in special education settings. Finally, the critical elements and future direction of the supports for successful utilizing ICT in special education settings were presented based on the results of study.

특수교육, 장애학생, 질적연구, special education, students with disabilities, ICT, qualitative inquiry

곽승철 Seung-chul Kwak , 남윤석 Yun-sug Nam , 홍재영 Jae-young Hong

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.13 Vol.9(No.2) 269-290, 2008

The purpose of the study was to analyze the items in the special teacher recruitment examination for elementary school. To achieve the purpose, the special teacher recruitment examinations, which were carried out for eight times through the year 2001 to 2008, were compared and analyzed. A tool of analysis consisted of form of items, curriculum for pre-service education and concept of pedagogical contents knowledge. The result of this study is summarized as follows: It is analyzed that the percentage of question items of simple and low level is relatively high and they could not select highly qualified and better teacher candidates. And the special teacher recruitment examinations could not reflect the entire contents of the curriculum for pre-service education. Therefore, a better testing system by the government should be developed for screening better special teacher candidates and reflected concept of pedagogical contents knowledge.

특수교사, 임용시험, 교육학적 내용 지식, Special Teacher, Teacher Recruitment Examination, Pedagogical Contents Knowledge

권인순 In-sun Kwon , 박지연 Ji-yeon Park

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.14 Vol.9(No.2) 291-310, 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of adaptive behavior instruction using self-management strategies on the academic engagement behavior in three elementary students with mental retardation who had difficulties in school adaptive behavior. The students were integrated in general classrooms while receiving special education services in special classes in an elementary school in Seoul. A multiple-probe baseline design across participants was used to evaluate the treatment effects. Ten adaptive behavior skills were taught using self-management strategies in special education classrooms. Generalization data were collected in general education classrooms. To examine the maintenance effect, four follow-up sessions were conducted 3 weeks after the completion of the intervention. As a result, adaptive behavior instruction using self-management strategies improved the percentage of the academic engagement behavior of all participants and the intervention effect was maintained three weeks after the termination of the treatment. Also, the intervention effect was generalized to social subject classes in general classes. These results suggest that adaptive behavior instruction using self-management strategies is effective in increasing academic engagement behavior of students with mental retardation who are passive in school life.

자기관리, 적응행동, 수업참여, 정신지체, Self-management, Adaptive behavior, academic engagement, mental retardation

김현정 Hyun Jung Kim , 이승희 Seung Hee Lee

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.15 Vol.9(No.2) 311-337, 2008

This study was conducted to compare perception on operating the teacher-aid system between special education teachers and paraprofessionals. To do this, a questionnaire was distributed to 60 paraprofessionals and 78 special educational teachers who were working at general elementary；middle；high schools or special schools in the area of Gwangju. One hundred sixteen questionnaires were returned and they were analyzed to answer three research questions as follows: . Are there any differences in perception on qualification and roles of paraprofessionals between special education teachers and paraprofessionals? . Are there any differences in perception on education and placement of paraprofessionals between special education teachers and paraprofessionals? . Are there any differences in perception on use and management of paraprofessionals between special education teachers and paraprofessionals? The results are discussed in order of the three research questions and some considerations for future research are presented

특수교육보조원제, 특수교사, 특수교육보조원, 유급특수교육보조원, teatcher-aid system, special education teachers, paraprofessionals, elementary schools, middle schools, high schools, special schools

윤광보 Kwang?bo Yoon

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.16 Vol.9(No.2) 339-357, 2008

The objective of the present study was to identify major issues related to the setting of educational goals and the selection of education contents discussed in the course of developing curriculums for the mentally retarded, and to suggest solutions for the issues. With regard to the setting of educational goals, we examined the structure of educational goals, the contents and emphases of the goals, the method of describing educational goals, etc. In addition, with regard to the selection and organization of contents, we analyzed problems in the development.centered and function.centered approaches and discussed solutions for the problems from the aspect of human growth and development, which is the fundamental goal of education, and the acquisition of problem.solving ability, which is a practical goal of education. Conclusions drawn from research on educational goals are as follows. First, it is more desirable to set non.curricular goals for realizing an educated human being than goals representing subjects or life areas. Second, it is more desirable to suggest educational goals by school level than common educational goals applied to all school levels. Third, it is more desirable to use causative verbs led by teachers for describing general educational goals by school level, and to use accomplishment.type verbs led by students for describing particular educational goals by curriculum. Conclusions drawn from research on education contents are as follows. First, rather than completely excluding either developmental tasks or life skills, approach should be made as a matter of what contents are more necessary to whom and when. Second, the matter is not which of curricular knowledge and life skills is more important, but the contents of education for the mentally retarded are meaningful when they are learned by the students purposively and meaningfully and applied to the solving of life problems. Third, what curriculums should be focused on are not contents to be conveyed through education but learners’ activities of learning the contents conveyed. Fourth, learners’ learning activities should be active activities of structuring and restructuring experiences.

정신지체, 교육과정, 교육목표, 교육내용, 발달중심, 기능중심, 활동중심 교육과정, Mentally Retarded, Curriculum, Educational Goals, Education Contents, developmentcentered approaches, function centered approaches, Activity-Centered, approaches

우정한 Jeong-han Woo , 김영걸 Young-gull Kim , 이창섭 Chang-sup Lee

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.17 Vol.9(No.2) 359-386, 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze realities, perception and demand on education about understanding disabilities targeting teachers in elementary and secondary schools to propose implications for operating effective education about understanding disabilities in response to inclusion-oriented policies. Since teachers`` preparation for, perception of, and attitude toward education about understanding disabilities were deemed to have important effects on their education, the research sought to study the realties and perception of, and demand for education about understanding disabilities, targeting teachers in elementary and middle schools. To this end, a survey was conducted targeting 332 elementary and secondary school teachers who participated in a in-service education for integrated education. The research domain of the study are as follows: The first, regarding the realties of education about understanding disabilities, the research examined the status of conducting education about understanding disabilities, the education method, and the participation in the education. The second, regarding the perception of education about understanding disabilities, the research examined the necessity for education about understanding disabilities, its difficulty, teaching competence and satisfaction. The third, regarding the demand for education about understanding disabilities, the research examined an effective education direction, education methods, training and improvement points. Based on these results, the research proposed implications for operating effective education about understanding disabilities in elementary and secondary schools

장애이해교육, 통합교육, 일반교육교사, education about understanding disabilities, inclusion, general education teacher

김소희 So Hee Kim

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.18 Vol.9(No.2) 387-404, 2008

The purpose of the study is to investigate current practice of mathematical word problem solving instruction for students at-risk for learning disabilities(LD). The survey data gathered from 133 elementary school teachers were analyzed to examine teacher``s perception regarding the importance of word problem solving to the students, the extend to which the teachers use and perceive each instructional method/strategy for teaching word problem solving to students with LD. Findings of the study revealed that many teachers perceived the importance of general education teacher``s competence for teaching the students. The participants responded that reading comprehension is the most important factors for the students successfully solving word problems. They also reported that, among the methods and strategies listed, instruction using drawings made by the teacher was the strategy the most useful and the most effective. Results showed that there were some strategies showing statistically significant discordance between the extend to use and the perceived effectiveness. Issues and implications regarding the findings were also discussed.

학습장애 위험군 학생, 학습장애, 수학문장제, 문장제 교수전략, 문장제 학습전략, 교사인식, At risk for learning disabilities, Learning disabilities, Mathematical word problem solving, Word problem solving instruction, Word problem solving strategies, Teacher perception

안성우 Seoung Woo Ahn , 김학진 Hak Jin Kim , 신미성 Mi Seong Shin , 서유경 Yoo Kyung Seo , 박진영 Jin Young Park , 박원경 Won Kyung Park

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.19 Vol.9(No.2) 405-421, 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare brain activation profiles of a 6th grader boy with reading difficulties(RD) to those of an age-, gender-, and IQ-matched normal control in 2 silent reading tasks using a functional magnetic resonance imaging. In a word reading task, stimuli consisted of two syllable words with high familiarity whereas in a pseudo-word reading task, stimuli were made up by changing the first or the second syllable of the same words that were used in a word reading task. A child with RD showed increased activation of the right middle cingulum, the left and right inferior occipital gyri and the left fusiform gyrus during a word reading task, areas normally involved in visual processing. In contrast, a normal control showed profiles featuring increased activation of the middle temporal pole, the postcentral gyrus, and the middle temporal gyrus on the left hemisphere. In a pseudo-word reading task, a child with RD showed increased activation of the left and the right linguals and the right middle orbitofrontal gyrus whereas a normal control displayed increased activation of the heschl, the inferior temporal gyrus, the Rolandic operculum, the middle frontal gyrus, the middle cingulum on the left hemisphere and the precentral gyrus and the superior frontal gyrus on the right hemisphere. These results suggest that a word reading in a child with RD might be based on memories of visual properties of words and that a pseudo-word reading in a normal child might be based on phonological information.

읽기 장애, 뇌 활성화, reading disability, brain activation, fMRI

김태영 Tae Young Kim , Eva M. Horn

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.9.2.20 Vol.9(No.2) 423-444, 2008

When young children with disabilities participate in community activities they are provided with increased opportunities to learn, practice, and generalize important skills. Not all families, however, may know how to access activities and even when they do they may experience some barriers to achieving full access. This article reports on a qualitative investigation of the perception of ten Korean parents of preschool children with disabilities regarding the opportunities their child has for inclusion in community activities and the factors that influence their child and family’s access and participation. Through a semi.structure interview format families expressed a strong commitment and positive attitude for supporting their child’s participation. They also noted that their child’s actual community participation is limited by a number of barriers. Key among the barriers they reported was the bias they experienced towards their children by those in the community and a lack of individuals in the community that had the necessary knowledge to support their child’s participation. The findings suggest that families may need more supports and services in order to effectively broaden the types of community activities accessed and to ensure full participation by their child and family.

장애 영유아, 지역사회 참여, 가족, 통합, Preschool children, Community participation, Families, Inclusion