강미라 Mi Ra Kang

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.01 Vol.8(No.2) 1-29, 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate current state of「Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation」out of [Childcare Institution Accreditation Index] and degree of「interagency linkage」in community. The subjects of this study was selected teachers and therapists for childcare who charge for upbringing, education, and related services of children with disabilities in range from 0 to 12 age. The results showed that the most utilizing diagnosis ㆍevaluation tools was curriculum-based evaluation including [Portage Scale], [Social Maturity Scale], and [Carolina Curriculum], [E-CLAC]. To plan and evaluate IEP, they have used 「curriculum for commerce」and [curriculum for kindergarten]. The problems of organization and management of curriculum was pointed out「what there are no fit curriculum for infants with disabilities」,「what it is difficult to set a goal according to character of infant with disabilities」. Interagency cooperation needed for infants with disabilities and their families was pointed out「linkage for inclusion between special education institution and general kindergarten」and 「linkage for appropriate treatment between medical center and education institution after case finding」, the next,「linkage for training fitting fields」 in order. In conclusion, interagency cooperation need in order to establish medical, education, psychology supports necessary to living children with disabilities and their families as community numbers. As well as it should be needed systematic, financial supports in order to make educare institution for children with disabilities role and function.

장애아전담보육시설, 진단,평가, 기관간 연계, 협력, 평가인증, educare institution for children with disabilities, educational diagnosisㆍevaluation, interagencies linkage, cooperation, accreditation

강병주 Byeong Joo Kang , 김성화 Seong Hwa Kim , 최정미 Jeong Mee Choi

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.02 Vol.8(No.2) 31-53, 2007

The increase of special classes has brought about a quantitative increase to make the opportunity available for students, who need it, to have special education. It is true, however, that there have been many qualitative problems. In this respect, this consideration was given regarding the actual conditions of diagnosis and eval-uation in special class for the qualitative improvement of special education. This study investigated the composition of the school diagnostic evaluation com-mittee, the best time for diagnostic evaluation, the procedure for student placement in special classes, the actual condition of tools for the diagnostic evaluation, and the problems related to the evaluation. The results of the study were as follows: The composition of school diagnostic evaluation committee, the best time for diagnostic evaluation, and the procedure of placement in special classes were not appropriate in Korea. And the actual condition of tools for the diagnostic evaluation was shown neither to be prepared nor used appropriately for each disability category. Accordingly, it is suggested that further studies should be undertaken to search for concrete improvement with such problems and generate theoretical backgrounds.

특수학급, 진단평가, 실태분석, Special Class, Diagnostic Evaluation, Actual Condition Analysis

강영애 Young Ae Kang , 최영종 Young Jong Choi , 곽승철 Seung Chul Kwak

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.03 Vol.8(No.2) 55-69, 2007

This study grasp connection with the level of maternal adjustment to the child with physical disabilities and variety main causes(gender of child, school course of child, level of disability, number of children, mother``s school career, mother``s age, monthly income, having religion of mother or not) and offer basic data to develop parents education program and efficient support program for mothers who have the child with physical disabilities to respond adequately in reality with psychological adaptation state in mother who is supporter. The result in recognizing the level of adaptation in disability to 323 of Mothers who have the child with physical disabilities, there has no margin in the level of adaptation in disability with gender of child, school course of child, number of children, mother``s school career, mother``s age and monthly income but there has significant difference with the level of disability and having religion of mother or not.

지체부자유아, 적응 수준, physical disabilities, adjustment, level

원성옥 Seong Ok Won , 강윤주 Yun Ju Kang

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.04 Vol.8(No.2) 71-89, 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine and analysis the realities of job and satisfaction of sign language interpreters. We gathered opinions of 107 sign language interpreters from questionnaire. The results are shown as following. First, Collage graduates and those who majored in social work were most, and The difference of working places is related to academic career. Second, Persons who responded "Community interpreting" and "3-4 hours per day" accounted for most, and the difference of interpreting type is related to academic career, and Most of interpreter had "good human relationship", "spaciality", "right of decision". Third, Person who responded that job satisfactory degree is higher were most. Finally, The job satisfactory degree is influenced by job contents and interpreting length of time.

수화통역사, 직무, 직무만족, 농, deaf, satisfaction, job, sign language interpreter

김교연 Gyo Yeon Kim

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.05 Vol.8(No.2) 91-115, 2007

Effects of coping strategies and social support on psychological well-being among 158 aging mothers of adults with mental retardation were examined. Multiple regression analysis revealed that coping strategies and social support were predictors of maternal well-being controlling for maternal and adult child characteristics. Greater use of emotinon-focused coping predicted lower levels of maternal psychological well-being, whereas Greater use of problem-focused coping is only related to higher quality of the relationships between mother and adult child. Greater amount of perceived social support predicted higher levels of psychological well-being. The present study underscored the importance of coping strategies and social support in the lives of aging mothers of adults with disabilities.

성인 정신지체인의 어머니, 심리적 안녕감, 대처전략, 사회적 지지, mothers of adults with mental retardation, psychological well-being, coping strategies, social support

김무희 Mu Hee Kim , 최성규 Sung Kyu Choi , 오원석 Won Seok Oh

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.06 Vol.8(No.2) 117-137, 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate teachers`` perceptions of dance education in schools for the deaf, the necessity of dance education, the possibility to apply dance-related teaching methods, and to research any difference in these variables by demographic factors(gender, teaching experience, educational level, major, and dance experience). The instrument, which evidenced acceptable internal consistency (.88-.94) was formulated by adapting existing instruments. In this cross-sectional study, interviews were conducted with 69 teachers who were selected from four schools for the deaf in Busan and Gyeongnam Province. The SPSS10.0 software was used for the data analysis. Frequency and reliability analysis, and analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis of this study. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the teachers in schools for the deaf have a positive perception of the necessity of dance education for deaf students. In particular, the teachers with dance teaching experience perceive the positive effects of dance activities on physical and mental health of deaf students. Second, the teachers have a negative perception of the possibility to use dance educational materials in school for the deaf. Particularly, the elementary school teachers, the teachers with dance teaching experience, and the private school teachers showed a low perception of the possibility to apply dance as a teaching method in schools for the deaf.

청각장애, 무용교육, 교사인식, dance education, teacher`s perception

김애화 Ae Hwa Kim

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.07 Vol.8(No.2) 139-167, 2007

This study reviews the current state of phonological awareness assessment by examining a variety of instruments developed in US, Finland, Greece, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, and Korea for the purpose of developing a comprehensive assessment of phonological awareness. Results suggest that the following considerations should be given: (a) including various phonological units (i.e., syllable, onset-rime, body-coda, phoneme), (b) including various dimensions of phonological awareness (i.e., sound matching, oddity, word-to-word matching, isolation, counting, blending, segmenting, deletion, addition, substitution), and (c) measuring both accuracy and rate.

음운인식, 음소인식, 평가, 검사도구, Phonological Awareness, Phonemic Awareness, Assessment, Test

박혜전 Hye Jeon Park

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.08 Vol.8(No.2) 169-195, 2007

This study was aimed at investigating important factors influencing employment needs among elderly persons with disabilities. It is necessary to examine the status and characteristics of these elderly people with disabilities for preparing rehabilitation and welfare policies. This study especially focuses on the effect of employment needs among the elderly with disabilities to predict a path model established through the literature review. Hypothetical path models established by current researcher were examined using linear multiple regression methods and the LISREL. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. Verifying the hypothetical path model, it showed that the model was appropriate and statistically sound and could predict the employment need. Furthermore, the model was best fitted to and could predict the employment need more highly because the goodness of fit index in the whole model was within the allowed range. In conclusion, the following research implications can be suggested. First, due to the number of increasing elderly people with disabilities, it is required that the rehabilitation counselors focus on the magnification, the construction and the provision of social supports as an instrumental infra for vocational functioning among the elderly people with disabilities. Second, further studies should focus on the relationship patterns between the personal characters and the environmental factors. Therefore, the labor market and studies concerning rehabilitation of the elderly people with disabilities should be continued.

노령 장애인, 취업 및 재취업욕구 요인, LISREL, 공변량 구조분석, aging, elderly persons with disabilities, LISREL structural equation model, employment need

김용섭 Kim Yong Seob , 이민창 Lee Min Chang , 오군석 Oh Kun Seok , 김영일 Kim Young Il , 이명희 Lee Myong Hee

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.09 Vol.8(No.2) 197-225, 2007

The purpose of this study was to present the strategies for improving web accessibility of individuals with visual impairments by examining the current status on their web accessibility. A total of 30 persons with visual impairments were recruited for the participation in this study. They were divided into three groups: (a) participants who use screen readers (auditory compensation) to gain access to web sites (group 1); (b) those who use enlarged screen or Window-based accessibility options (visual compensation) for people with low vision to gain access to web (group 2); and, (c) those who do not have to use any compensatory means to gain access to web. Each participant was asked to perform two types of tasks: (a) retrieving local news from four different web sites (Busan, Incheon, Daejeon, Ulsan) and (b) uploading civic requests at the four sites. The participants were interviewed individually right after completing the tasks. Group 3 succeeded in performing all the tasks, whereas group 1 failed on about half of the trials and group 2 did on a tenth of the trials. There was a statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 3 in the speed of performing tasks; it took longer for group 1 to complete the tasks than for group 3. The participants responded that Busan``s web site was the easist to access while Incheon``s web site was the most difficult to access; these results were mostly consistent with the evaluations of web accessibility of public web sites using the Kado-Wah. This study presented the following strategies for improving web accessibility of individuals with visual impairments: (a) raising public awareness of web accessibility as a basic human right; (b) implementing information education using assistive technology for those with visual impairments; (c) pursuading private companies to improve the web accessibility of their products and services; (d) developing web accessibility guidelines and assistive technology; and, (e) designing universal web pages, instead of revising the web pages only for those with visual impairments.

웹 접근성, 정보접근권, 시각장애인, 과제수행, 심층면접, Web Accessibility, Visual Impairement, Survey, task, depth interview

우주영 Ju Young Woo

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.10 Vol.8(No.2) 227-247, 2007

Recent studies has focused on the negative and clinical aspects of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, as the prevalence of ADHD is increasing. Some studies report that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder are more creative more successful than normal children. Therefore this paper is to explore if there is any difference between the parents-children relationships of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and the parents-children relationships of their counterparts, thus if there exists any difference between adaptive behaviors of the two groups. The 101 subjects are normal children who are of above average intelligence level and between third grade and sixth grade. The used instruments are Furman (1985)`s Network of Relationship Inventory(NRI) and Lim Jung-Soon``s School Behavior Test. To compare children with ADHD and their counterparts, T-test ANOVA is employed. The results are as follows. First, the study shows that there exists no significant statistical difference children with ADHD and their counterparts in social support, punishment/dominance, closeness, conflict, friendship. Second, there is no significant statistical difference between two groups in friendship, school learning, school behaviors, but children with ADHD are not likely to have good relationships with their teachers. The positive resources of children with ADHD shouldn``t be neglected due to disability label. This study seems to provide the foundation for the development of effective programs that can help successful adaptation.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동, 부모-자녀관계, 학교생활 적응, children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, parents-children relationships, school adaptation

이형열 Hyung Yeol Lee

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.11 Vol.8(No.2) 249-275, 2007

The purpose of this study was to suggest practical implications through an investigation which personal characteristics, job satisfaction, social support, self-efficacy of employees graduated a school for the deaf have influence on their job retention(duration of the job retention, the frequency of changing occupation, the intention of job retention). For this, survey was performed by employees graduated a school for dead who have severe disability received the cost of managing employment from the 14 branches of Korean Employment Promotion Agency in the whole country and mild disability worked at occupational areas except manufacturing jobs. The 151 complete surveys were analysed through the multiple regression analysis. The results obtained from the present study are summarized as follows: First, the factors affecting duration of the job retention were gender, use of communication method of talking with the hands and oralism, promotion/interpersonal relationships and wages. Second, the factors affecting the frequency of changing occupation were use of communication method of a written answer, promotion/interpersonal relationships, wages and self-efficacy. Third, the factors affecting the intention of job retention were age, an acquired disability, use of communication method of a written answer, wage, the pride and support of family, self-pride, and the level of task difficulties. Fourth, job satisfaction have the highest influence on the duration job retention, the frequency of changing occupation and the intention of job retention. The study result suggested that job satisfaction have the highest influence on the job retention. Especially, it was also recommended that the satisfaction about substantial compensation of wages, etc was the most important factor on the job retention in view of characteristics of the deaf.

청각장애, 특수학교, 근로자, 직업유지, 직업재활, hearing impairments, special school, worker, job retention, vocational rehabilitation

박계형 Kye Hyung Park , 강옥려 Ock Ryeo Kang

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.12 Vol.8(No.2) 277-297, 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Korean traditional play activities on attitudes of children without disabilities toward children with disabilities. The subjects were two general education classes of 3rd grade and each class had one child with disabilities. The one class was assigned to an experimental group and the other class was designated as a control group. The experimental group was provided with Korean traditional play activities during their physical education time. Meanwhile, the control group participated in their regular physical education curriculum. The intervention was conducted twice a week (50minutes per session) for 5 weeks. Instruments used for pre-test and post-test were adjective scale for measuring cognitive attitudes, affective attitude scale, and activity-preference scale. The differences between pre-tests and post-tests of two groups were analyzed by using an analysis of covariance. Results showed that there were statistically significant differences between two groups in the changes of cognitive, affective, and behavioral attitudes. However, no significant differences were found in the social life area of behavioral attitudes. In conclusion, Korean traditional paly activities were effective in improving on attitudes of children without disabilities toward children with disabilities. Implications for research and practice were discussed.

전래놀이, 통합환경, 장애, 태도, Korean Traditional Play, Inclusive Setting, Disabilities, Attitudes

권미지 Mi Ji Kwon , 박상희 Sang Hee Park , 석동일 Dong Il Seok

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.13 Vol.8(No.2) 299-318, 2007

This study is about phonological processes of bilingual language environment children and monolingual language environment children and is compared between bilingual language environment children and monolingual language environment children in phonological process characteristics. 23 subjects of bilingual language environment children were chosen between 4 to 6 years, 7, 9 and 7. 19 subjects of monolingual language environment children were chosen between 4 to 6 years, 4, 9 and 6. The results are as following. This study compared bilingual language environment children and monolingual language environment children in developmental phonological processes and nondevelopmental phonological processes. There are some significant differences language environment groups in final omission in developmental phonological processes. Also There are some significant differences between language environment groups and ages in results of two-way ANOVA in lenition, vowel declination, addition and alveolar omission of nondevelopmental phonological processes. But there is no significant difference between language environment groups and ages interaction. And there are some significant differences between language environment groups and ages interaction in deaspiration but there is no significant difference between language environment groups and ages.

이중언어 환경, 비발달적인 음운변동, 발달적인 음운변동, bilingual language environment, developmental phonological processes, nondevelopmental phonological processes

고등영 Deung Yong Go , 박경옥 Kyoung Ock Park , 육주혜 Ju Hye Yook , 유재연 Jae Yean Yoo

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.14 Vol.8(No.2) 319-343, 2007

This study researched into how the person with disability access and use electronic and information technology assistive device and how they realize the importance and the need of electronic and information technology assistive device on purpose to produce the basic data and resource for making systematic and comprehensive public policy which was affecting electronic and information technology assistive device development and supply of assistive device. The individuals with disability who accessed and used electronic and information technology assistive device were allotted proportionally with the ratio of use electronic and information technology and specialized software by type of their disability. On the other hand, the ones, who did not access and use electronic and information technology assistive device and who registered on the list of the individuals with disability legally, are allotted proportionally with gender, region, type of disability, grade of disability. The group for a survey was formed randomly and interviewed or phoned by a professional survey agency. A survey showed the majority of the individuals with disability required a change for the better, such as a various support, a expanding items and numbers of the person who is aided. A lot of the individuals with disability strongly agreed that the policy related with electronic and information technology assistive device supply needs to be developed, for example, increase of assistive device supply per person, the multiplicity of assistive device items and the service of related information and education.

정보통신 보조기기, electronic and information technology assistive device

박순희 Sunhi Bak , 김순진 Soon Jin Kim , 지원석 Weon Suk Ji

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.15 Vol.8(No.2) 345-368, 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the application of the individualized behavioral intervention and functional curriculum on problem behaviors and functional skills of a student with both visual impairment and mental retardation. The subject was a male student aged 10.2 years old who studies in XX School for the Blind. A collaborative team designed and implemented communication-based behavioral intervention and functional curriculum activities. The communication-based behavioral intervention was incorporated into the individualized functional curriculum activities. After the 11-week intervention, data showed that the interventions reduced problem behaviors and increased specific functional skills in school settings. Social validation data supported the efficacy of the interventions. Additional research is needed to design home- or community-based functional curriculum activities.

시각중복장애, 행동중재, 기능적 교육과정, 문제행동, 기능적 기술, multiple disabilities, communication based behavioral intervention, Individualized functional curriculum, problem behaviors, functional skills

이한선 Han Sun Lee

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.16 Vol.8(No.2) 369-388, 2007

The study is to investigate level of competency needed to teachers for the hearing impaired. The instrument of the study is adapted CEC Knowledge and Skill base for all entry-level special education teachers of students who are deaf and hard of hearing, which are rated by teachers, professors, and supervisors for the hearing impaired in order to investigate ‘degree of importance’, in adding to requirement of CEC competency, as well as in order to contribute standard development of competency and curriculum for preparing teachers for the hearing impaired. The conclusions drawn from the study are as follows; First, in the rating of competency needed to teachers for the hearing impaired in our country, the teachers for the hearing impaired considered that ‘teaching-learning instruction competencies for academic achievement of students with hearing impairment’ was high, as well, ‘instructional strategies’ of total domains was high generally. Second, in adding to standard of CEC competency, the conclusions investigated competency needed in our country through interview, showed that competency on professional and ethical practice and competency on curriculum management for basic scholastic abilities achievement of students with hearing impairment, as well teachers abilities of sign language should be reinforced.

청각장애, 교사수행능력, 청각장애아교육 교사, CEC, Hearing Impaired, Competency of Teachers for the Hearing Impaired

권연희 Yeon Hui Kwon , 이해균 Hae Gyun Lee

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.17 Vol.8(No.2) 389-408, 2007

The purpose of this study is to provide basic materials for language purification and the development of educational program on communication language. This survey was carried out according to sex, grade, the degree of visual acuity, the onset of visual handicap, the residence. The subjects were the 335 visually impaired students in 12 schools for the blind. The data were 15 questionnaires of composed of the actual state of the internet and communication language. The results are as follows. In the actual state of the visually impaired students`` usage of internet according to the elements, particularly in the area of screen reader, the rate of girl students higher than that of boy students, that of middle school students is higher than that of senior high school students, and that of the congenital visually impaired students is higher than that of acquired visually impaired students, and in the actual state of the usage of communication language it appeared that girl students used more than boy students, low vision students used more than the visually impaired students and dormitory students used more than commuting students.

중등부 시각장애학생, 통신언어, the visually impaired students of middle school, communication language

임경원 Kyoung Won Lim , 김삼섭 Sam Sup Kim

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.18 Vol.8(No.2) 409-431, 2007

The purpose of this study was (1) to develop first study for an brief vocational aptitude test for individuals with mental retardation and (2) to perform pre-item analysis through providing evaluation principles, selecting vocational aptitude factors, a factor analysis of item construction and item development, pre-test. An brief vocational aptitude test for individuals with mental retardation has been applied to evaluation principles such as norm-referenced test, potential function measurement, cafeteria style. Aptitude factors were selected and analyzed 8 factors among 11 factors of GATB (General Aptitude Test Battery) by committee approach. Test section constructed with 8 modules that can be performed in web-based system and it took 21.4 minutes for average testing time. 10 individuals with mental retardation participated for first pre-test and 116 individuals with mental retardation participated for second pre-test. reliability, the degree of difficulty and the degree of discrimination were proven to be comparatively stable after the results of item analysis. Development process such as selecting criterion for Aptitude employment group, developing criterion for aptitude employment group, determination procedure for aptitude employment group, and providing results of test will be examined by first follow-up study and after investigating validity of test instrumentation, test manual and web-based program will be provided by second follow-up study.

정신지체, 직업적성검사, 직업적성요인, 문항분석, mental retardation, vocational aptitude test, aptitude factors, item analysis

김주홍 Joo Hong Kim , 박재국 Jae Kook Park , 임혜경 Hae Gyeoung Lim

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.19 Vol.8(No.2) 433-454, 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze Curriculum management and special teacher`s perception in the secondary schools with special classroom. For this study, I was conducted a questionnaire to special teachers of secondary school in Busan and Gyeongsangnamdo. The results of the research indicate the needs for the improvement or reformation of various aspects including essential elements in the curriculum of secondary special education. The result of this study are as follows. First, curriculum for students with disabilities in integration must be provided by government. Second, realistic support of therapeutic education service and transitional program is provided to special class students attending secondary school. Third, reconstruction and innovation of regular curriculum is required. Forth, it should be prepared communication system for effective collaboration between special and inclusive teacher. Fifth, it should be practiced disability-awareness program to non-disabled student.

특수학급 교육과정, 중학교 통합교육, 특수교사, the curriculum of the special classroom, inclusion in the middle school, special teacher

조인수 In Soo Cho , 전보성 Bo Sung Jeon

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.20 Vol.8(No.2) 455-474, 2007

The study is to find out the effects of interpersonal social function-centered transition education program to promote social competence of students with mental retardation which contain the teacher perferred social behavior, peer perferred social behavior, and school adaption behavior. The conclusions of the study drawn from results are as follows; First, The interpersonal social function-centered transition education program have an effects on teacher perferred social behavior in each group, students with mental retardation and general students. Second, The interpersonal social function-centered transition education program have an effects on peer perferred social behavior in each group, students with mental retardation and general students. Third, The interpersonal social function-centered transition education program have an effects on school adaption behavior in each group, students with mental retardation and general students. The findings of this study shown that interpersonal social function-centered transition education program testified to have effects of social competence. In field, it should be needed for students with mental retardation to serve interpersonal social function-centered transition education program. And when drawing up IEP fitting to present leveling of individual student, in case of making composition to long term object and short term object with together interpersonal social function-centered transition education program, think that effects of education will be elevated more.

대인,사회적기능 중심의 전환교육, 사회적 능력, Interpersonal Social Function, Transition Education, Social Competence, Mental Retardation

정재권 Jae Kweon Chung , 이혜숙 Hea Suk Lee , 정미영 Mi Young Chung

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.21 Vol.8(No.2) 475-492, 2007

To investigate the cerebral palsy children``s emotional characteristics revealed in free-drawing, we analyzed those characteristics after dividing them into 4 subclassification: self-confidence / stability, anxiety/ depression, aggression / impulsiveness, withdrawal / dependence through the free-drawing of 44 cerebral palsy children attending the school physically handicapped. The conclusions from the analyzed results are as follows: First, regarding the spastic children``s emotional characteristics, the boys showed aggression / impulsiveness disposition while the girls high self-confidence/ stability. Second, concerning the degree of impediment, the first class and second class showed aggression / impulsiveness, the third class self-confidence / stability. so we conclude that the more serious their impediment are, the more offensive and impulsive the children are. Third, Referring to the children``s impediment types, we found that the children with convulsive fit had self-confidence / stability while many children without that were aggression / impulsiveness. As this study was intended for a few students, the results from this study can``t always be applied to every case. On the basis of this study some suggestions could be made as follows for the more study afterward. First, it is necessary to analyze the emotional characteristics by the educational length. Second, it is also necessary to analyze the impediment situation in detail.

뇌성마비, 자유화, 정서, cerebral palsy, emotional, free-drawing

조성재 Song Jae Jo

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.22 Vol.8(No.2) 493-508, 2007

Clients with disabilities present rehabilitation counselors with challenges as well as opportunities. Although most problems presented by clients with disabilities are very similar in nature to those of clients without disabilities, there are some unique issues (e.g., discrimination and stigma, depression, substance/alcohol abuse, etc) that a client with a disability poses in the counseling process due to his or her disabling condition. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to outline basic knowledge in order for counselors and rehabilitation professionals to provide an effective counseling service for a client with a disability. To this end, a brief overview in the psychosocial adaptation to disability and stages of adaptation are provided. It is followed by a description of potential problems that clients with disabilities may present during the counseling process. It then moves to address therapeutic common factors which can be applied in the counseling process. Next, three counseling intervention approaches, including social network development, family therapy, and facilitating self-determination, are discussed. Finally, general principles and etiquettes related to counseling clients with disabilities are presented.

장애인, 재활상담, 중재방안, people with disabilities, rehabilitation counseling, counseling intervention strategies

조정연 Jung Yeon Cho , 김상선 Sang Sun Kim

DOI:10.19049/JSPED.8.2.23 Vol.8(No.2) 509-528, 2007

This research was performed to find out the phonological processes of the students with mental retardation as a function of intelligence and age. Forty-five students participated in this study. They were divided into 2 groups; one group for intelligence-the mild, the moderate, and the severe, the other group for age-12 to 13, 14 to 15, and 16 to 17. The articulation test containing 25 cards was administered. The frequency of phonological processes was calculated in percentage. An one-way ANOVA and Turkey``s HSD test were performed. The results of this study were as follows: First, was as the intelligence lowered, the frequency of phonological processes became higher. The phonological processes showing the significant differences were alveolar omission, and alveolar backing, between the mild and the moderate group, palatal fronting, palatal backing, stop assimilation, and unaspiration, between the moderate and the severe group, and prevocalic omission, postvocalic omission, additions, stop omission, fricative omission, nasal omission, liquid omission, alveolar omission, velar omission, palatal fronting, velar fronting, alveolar backing palatal backing, labialization, alveolization, palatalization, stopping, affrication, nasalization, alveolar assimilation, velar assimilation, stop assimilation, tense assimilation, tensing, laxing, aspiration, and unaspiration, between the mild and the severe group. Second, a few differences were shown in the phonological processes for each age group. The phonological processes showing the significant differences were postvacalic omission, stop omission, labial omission, and velar omission, between 12-13 and 14-15 age group, syllable reduction, between 14-15 and 16-17 age group, and syllable reduction, labial omission, and alveolar fronting, between 12-13 and 16-17 age group.

정신지체아, 음운변동, Mental retardation, Phonological processes

김정권

DOI: Vol.8(No.2) 529-530, 2007